These instructions will will lead you step by step through the process of setting up VTK in your home folder. They were developed on a recent version of Kubuntu (21.10) so you may need to modify parts of it for your own particular implementation.
The directory structure in your home folder will be:
Kitware
|-- Kitware
|-- build
|-- src
|-- test
There will be a VTK folder in each of build, src, test. The advantage of this structure is a clear functional separation which also allows adding future sources and builds such as for ParaView and the vtk-examples in their own sub-folders.
It is hoped that this will be a good foundation for you to build on when you develop your own applications.